Evaluation of Infectious Uveitis at a Tertiary Referral Center in Turkey: A 31-year Retrospective Study

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to examine the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with infectious uveitis over time.
METHODS: The records of a total of 2032 patients treated for uveitis were retrospectively analyzed and 369 eyes of 324 patients diagnosed with infectious uveitis were included in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the date of presentation. The first group comprised patients seen between January 1988 and August 2009, and patients who presented between September 2009 and April 2019 were classified in the second group.
RESULTS: The prevalence of infectious uveitis was 15.1% in the first group and 16.8% in the second group. A statistically significant decrease was observed in the number of toxoplasmosis patients in the second group (p=0.031). There was no significant difference in the number of patients with herpetic anterior uveitis (HAU) (p=0.215). A significant increase was recorded in the number of patients with tuberculosis and acute retinal necrosis (ARN) (p=0.006 and p=0.041, respectively). While there were no patients diagnosed with cytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior uveitis in the first group, 19 patients were diagnosed with the disorder in the second group. There was a decrease in the rate of legal blindness among the patients who were treated in the second period compared with the first period; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.069).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Toxoplasmosis and HAU were the 2 most common causes of infectious uveitis. The incidence of CMV anterior uveitis, tuberculosis related uveitis, and ARN increased over the period studied.