Beyoglu Eye J. 2022; 7(2): 143-149 | DOI: 10.14744/bej.2022.50490

Chickenpox Associated Retinitis and Occlusive Vasculitis in a Vaccinated Child: A Case Report and Literature Review

Gökçen Özcan¹, Emine Temel¹, Nilufer Yalçýndað¹, Erdal Ince², Pýnar Bingöl Kýzýltunç¹, Elif Ince³, Huban Atilla^1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
²Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
³Department of Pediatric Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

Either retinitis and occlusive vasculitis are rare but vision threatening ocular complications of chickenpox in children. In this case report a 13-year-old girl who developed chickenpox 2 days before complaining with visual loss in her right eye is present-ed. She was vaccinated one dose of varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccine when she was 12 months old. Best corrected visual acuity was counting fingers at 1.5 m in right eye. A subtle anterior segment inflammation and mild vitritis were observed. Fun-doscopic examination of right eye showed ischemia in paracentral macula and white foci of retinitis along the superotemporal branch of retinal vessels. She was hospitalized and intravenous acyclovir treatment at 3 × 10 mg/kg daily dose was started. Serum IgM and IgG for VZV were positive. Aqueous humor PCR test was also reported positive for VZV DNA. Oral meth-ylprednisolone was added at a dose of 64 mg/day at the 3rd day acyclovir treatment. Macular edema developed at 4th week of treatment and bevacizumab was administered intravitreally. After 3 injections retinal edema subsided completely. At 6-month follow-up retinal ischemia in superotemporal periphery was observed and photocoagulation was added to treatment.

Keywords: Chickenpox, macular edema, occlusive vasculitis, paracentral acute middle maculopathy, retinitis, single dose vaccine.

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